Alysha+B.

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Blog:https://podcast.punxsy.k12.pa.us/users/13bridge_alysha/
=About Me=

I'm Alysha and I'm a sophomore that attends Punxsutawney Area High School. I love being with friends and family all the time. One thing I really enjoy to do and to learn about is music. I have been playing the piano since I have been about seven years old. I also enjoy singing in public or at churches. I also attend the Ringgold Untied Methodist youth group. I actually like school to be able to learn new things and see different people. After my high school career i would like to attend college, and do something in the medical field. I enjoy helping people with problems and different needs. My favorite time of the year is Fall. I like it because its cooler and the leaves are so pretty while they last. Other things I enjoy is attending church, drawing, texting, and i love watching movies with friends! I also like to play video games with my brother. He normally beats me but we have a good time while playing. I love swimming in the summer and going shopping with my mom. A lot of times my dad will fill in preaching at different churches and at nursing homes. I normally go with him to help him by singing and spreading the word that way. My favorite singer is probably Taylor Swift she is kind of my idol only because i get compared to her a lot, but I don't really mind that. I love country music and christian music they both have meanings to there songs unlike other music. My favorite food i would have to say is chicken and mashed potatoes. My best friends include Alexa, Jeane, Carly, Abbi, Alexah, Kanisha Liz, Makayla, and Erin and many others that I can't even pick them all. I love my friends they are a BIG part of my life, and I would be lost without them. I would also be lost in my life without Jt my amazing bf that cares about me so much ;) I believe that you need to try your best at everything and give it your best shot! :)

== =The Red Oak= 1. The Red Oaks scientific name is the Quercus, Ruba. 2. The organism that effects this tree is bacterail leaf scorch. 3. Tress that are related to the Red Oak is the Pin Oak, the White Oak. 4. The commerical use for the Red Oak is it i high value in timber. 5. The Red Oak is found in the world in Eastern North America and it is native to PA. 6. The Red Oak provides habit for gray squirrels, red squirrels, and blue jays. It also provides acorns for the wildlife and animals. 7.The twig characteristics of the Red Oak is, it is small, smoother, and its a grayish color. 8. The Red Oak is Deciduous.

=The Hornbeam= 1. The Hornbeams scientific name is called the Carpinus. 2. The Hornbeam provides habit to beattles and different bugs. 3. The Hornbeam is commonly used for decorating homes, and carpentry these are the commercial uses of this tree. 4. The Hornbeam's twig characteristics is the bark is rough and dark. The tree is short and stubby. 5. The Hornbeam is mostly in Asia and it is native to Pa. 6. The Hornbeam is mostly apart of the Birch family. 7. Organisms that infect the Hornbeam tree is pathogens ( a powdery mildew that gets on the leaves and branches of the tree.)

=Activity 2=

a. How are the steps in the dichotomous key organized? The key is organized in a tree chart. b. What is the purpose of a dichotomous key? To compare different microbes.

c. What characteristics were used in the steps of the dichotomous key? Personal Preferences.

d. Which bacteria are you most closely related to? Halobacterium

e. Which bacteria are you most different from? anything under the uncariots

= Biomolecules Lab: = Hypothesis- I believe that there will be fats, and protein in liver. And in the Cantelliene Bean will have a lot of proteins in it. Results- For Liver I got some sugars, no starch, no proteins, and there are fats and oils in it. Conclusion- My hypothesis wasn't completely true i believed that there was going to be fats in it and that was right, but i also believed that there was going to be proteins and there wasn't any in liver.



The liver when we put in the light blue substance after we heated turned a little bit orange. So that means that there is some sugars in it. Next we put in the iodine and it didn’t change color so there isn’t any starch in the liver. Next we put in the purplish substance and it tested for proteins and it has a faint color of purple but it’s more like a brownish substance so I do not think that there is proteins in liver. The last test we did was we put in the Sudan IV test and it shows wither we have fats or oils in the substance and in the liver it has a deep red color, which means that it does have fats and oils in it.

=Catalase Lab:= Hypothesis- I wasn't really sure what type of reaction I was to expect to see with the Hydrogen Peroxide. I wasn't expecting it to bubble like it did. I was expecting a fizzy reaction. Resutls- Next when we did the hydrogen tests and the hot hydrogen made it come out of the tube really rapidly and bubble a lot. Then when we did the room temperature one it had a rapid reaction of bubbles, but not as strong as the hot. And the cold one really didn’t have that much of the reaction to it only bubbled a little bit.

===In my reactions I figured that there was a reaction to the enzymes. Every time I added the solution to my liver it bubble up very fast and rapid. So that shows that there is a reaction to the enzymes in the liver.===

Question: What is an enzyme? Answer- Any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions Sources: [] =Chromatography Lab=

Light intensity
Research background information about >
 * light intensity- is a measure of wave length weighted power emitted by a light source.
 * wavelength and energy- **The wavelength and light intensity thing is the farther away the sun is the lower the intensity is going to be. So and the more things the sunlight has to travel through which will lessen the effectiveness of photosynthesis because the more direct sunlight there is the brighter the pigment will be and the more there will be of whatever is going** . ( same as the bottom answer because of the wavelength, and energy used in them.
 * pigment colors- The closer the sun is or the shorter the wavelengths are, the more the plant will photosynthesize and the brighter the colors will be. if the sun is far away the colors will be dimmer because the plants aren't getting enough chlorophyll.

Explain the following:
 * how wavelength and light intensity is important for photosynthesis. Be certain to completely relate these to the light reaction and what you observed in the simulation. **The wavelength and light intensity thing is the farther away the sun is the lower the intensity is going to be. So and the more things the sunlight has to travel through which will lessen the effectiveness of photosynthesis because the more direct sunlight there is the brighter the pigment will be and the more there will be of whatever is going**.



=Yeast Analysis Lab=

Analysis: 1. State 2 clear, concise conclusions derived from the analysis of the results from the experiments in your class.
 * To much sugar in the sugar solution that will make the yeast not rise. If you have to little of the amount needed, the yeast will not rise. Another conclusion is that**

2. What was the dependent and independent variables in the experiment? Explain.
 * The dependent variable is the amount of sugar that was changed. The independent variables were the amount of flour that was used, the different water temperatures, and last was the amount of yeast that was added to the flour. The dependent variable was the sugar solution because it changed. The independent variable doesn’t change, because the reason was the amount of water temperature, yeast and the flour added.**

3. According to the experimental data, what kind of environment do yeast prefer? How did the sugar concentration change the result? Explain.
 * Yeast prefers warmer environments, that are moist. The amount of sugar concentration will change all the results. Different amounts will affect the amount that of the bread that rose. If there is to much sugar, the yeast will produce a lot of carbon dioxide and make the bread rise. If there isn’t a lot of sugar, then the yeast would not be able produce a lot of carbon dioxide. And that wont make the bread rise then.**

4. How did the amount of rising change with the different types of sugar solutions used? **3% rose the most, 5% rose in the middle, 7% rose the least, and 10% rose in the middle as well.**

5. What kind of respiration did the yeast carry out in the experiment? Explain
 * The yeast had anaerobic respiration because of the glycolysis occurring, it changed the two pyruvate from glycolyis into ethanol and CO2 fermentation.**


 * Alexah – 10% 5 inches**
 * Sydney – 7% 3.75 inches**
 * Liz – 3% 5.5 inches**
 * Alysha – 5% 3 inches**
 * Jamie - 3% (gave to other group)**


 * When we mixed the yeast and sugar there was white foam at the top.**



=Venn Diagram=

=DNA Replication=

DNA Replication is the event of one single strand of DNA splitting into two strands as shown above. The DNA replicates itself off of strand one and strand two is brand new. The DNA is in one strand and then sugars, and phosphates go into that DNA. Once that is done the sugars and the phosphates split down the middle. Then the matches match up again. The A’s with the T’s, then the C’s with the G’s. The process of DNA replication happens over and over in the body for our DNA to be there.

=Class Genetic Traits= ** The two traits that I picked was Pinky wither is it bent or straight, and dimples wither you have them or not. In the studies shown having dimples is more dominate because the numbers are way higher than not have dimples at all. Next, having you pinky bent is more dominate than having a straight pinky. **  ** There were some differences in the fact that our class has more dimples then no dimples and all most all of the other schools had no dimples. This could be due to just luck. There is also hitchhikers thumb which is recessive and that is show with our class. ** ** You will need to determine the total of girls that have the trait/don't have and the total of boys that have the trait/don't have. You will also need to determine the total of all who have the trait/don't have the trait. In the end you will need to determine what is dominant and what is recessive (the trait that has the most numbers is not always dominant!). ** Doing additional research here is recommended such as chromosome location, facts about the trait, etc. ** For freckles there are 3 girls with and ten without, also 0 boys with it and 5 without it. In total are 3 with it and 15 without it. For roll tongue there is 12 girls with it and 1 girl without. There are also 3 with it and 2 without for guys. So in total there are 15 with it and only 3 without it. Roll tongue is dominant and freckles are recessive. ** ** I have hazel eyes and my mom has blue eyes and my dad has hazel eyes. My brother has blue eyes. So that means that my dad has both hazels color genes and my mom has one blue eye gene and hazel eye gene. When she a blue gene to my brother he got blue eyes but when she gave me her gene she gave me the hazel eye gene. **
 * 1)  Focus in on 2 or more of the traits, whether they are dominant or recessive, and whether the numbers portray them as dominant or recessive.
 * 1)  What statements or questions can you make about the data as well as the comparison of data between our classes and elsewhere. Doing additional research here is recommended such as chromosome location, facts about the trait, etc.
 * 1)  You will also look at 2 other traits not used on the site that we looked at in class.
 * 1)  Discuss your genotype and phenotype with one of the traits and discuss the possible genotypes of your parents/siblings. I am looking that you can identify the possibility of receiving certain alleles from your parents and that you understand the laws of segregation and independent assortment.

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