Photosynthesis

flat =Annotations=

Annotate these notes using the comment feature of word. Be sure to ask questions while reading. Make connections between past material or with other items you have learned or have known previously. If you are unsure of a word, instead of just asking a question, consider trying to figure out the meaning of the word as well.



=Powerpoint notes= media type="custom" key="7962272"

=Photosynthesis webquest= Photosynthesis is considered by many to be the most important process to occur on earth. To learn about photosynthesis, complete the "Photosynthesis Webquest" (Each team member needs to complete the webquest on their own web page). Visit [|www.ftexploring.com] then use the photosynthesis links to answer the following questions.

1. What is photosynthesis?

2. What types of organisms carry out photosynthesis? List 3 groups.

3. What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? What is the translation for the chemical equation?

4. Look at your equation in number 3 and answer the following questions: a. What are the raw materials or reactants needed to carry out photosynthesis? b. What are the products of photosynthesis? c. What energy source is needed in the reaction?

5. Consider a plant as the photosynthetic organism. a. In what part of the plant does photosynthesis occur? b. What specific cells are involved? c. What specific organelle is involved?

6. How does the plant get the raw materials needed for photosynthesis to the plant part where photosynthesis occurs?

7. What is a stoma and of what value is the stoma to the plant in its efforts to carry out photosynthesis?

8. Explore the organelle that is responsible for the process of photosynthesis. What are found inside the organelle and how do these parts aid in the process of photosynthesis?

9. What is the first part of photosynthesis called and where does it occur?

10. What exactly happens in the first part of photosynthesis?

11. What is the second part of photosynthesis called and where does it happen?

12. What happens in the second part of photosynthesis?

13. Are the two parts of photosynthesis connected? If so, explain the connection.

14. Does the chemical equation that you listed in number 3 tell the entire story of the process of photosynthesis? Why or why not?

=Chromatography lab=

To understand the process of chromatography visit the following link :[]
 * Complete exercise 4-1 to learn proper technique to complete a chromatography lab.

Using the information that you learned in the lab bench, you and your partner will compare the pigments from your result with that of two different plants (find two other groups to compare with.) Use the results to describe the methods you used and the results you obtained. Discuss what is similar between the chromatograms of all three and what is different. Be sure to answer the following: why were the chromatograms different for each? Include a picture of your chromatography strip **with title and caption**. Also, include a mathematical analysis of the data (determine the Rf of each pigment.) A variety of plant leaves will be available in lab to chose from.

Procedure: Chromatography 1. Leaf Grinding: a. Rip your leaf into small pieces ( HINT: The smaller, the better .) b. Add several grains of sand. c. Add a dropper full of acetone. d. Start grinding. ( HINT: If the mixture becomes too dry, you may need to add more acetone .) e. There should be concentrated liquid pigment in the mortar to add to the filter paper. 2. Preparation of Filter Paper a. Prepare a piece of filter paper 12 cm X 2 cm. Measure 2 cm from the end and draw a line across the paper. You will apply several drops of pigment to the center of the line. ( HINT: Apply small drops, wait for the drop to dry, then apply another drop. Repeat this procedure several times, then dry completely. ) b. Taper the 2 cm end that has the pigment to a point. c. Practice placing the filter paper strip into the glass vial. NOTE: Several cm of paper need to extend out the top of the vial to hold the paper in place when the lid is attached. 3. Chromatography a. Add 2 cm of ethyl alcohol to the glass vial. b. Carefully lower the filter paper strip into the glass vial until the tip of the paper enters the ethyl alcohol. The pigment SHOULD NOT be placed in the alcohol. c. Attach the lid making sure the excess paper is outside the vial. Filter paper should be in a fixed position. d. Allow the alcohol to rise up the paper. After the alcohol stops rising up the paper, remove the paper strip and allow to dry on a paper towel. 4. Rf Factor a. Draw a second line across your paper were the alcohol reached its highest point. This is the solvent front. b. Find the end point that each pigment reaches. Where the pigment stops is called the pigment front. If you have two colors showing you will have two different pigment fronts. b. Determining Rf factor: For each pigment, take the pigment front divided by the solvent front. If the pigment follows the solvent all the way to the end, then the value Rf value is 1. 5. Lab Report Use your data as well as the data from a few other groups to create a conclusion statement about the results of the lab. Be sure to discuss whether all leaves have the same kind of chlorophyll or other pigments and EVIDENCE that supports your statement. Be sure to discuss the Rf values and the colors of the pigments. Put this on your wiki page - this is an individual activity.

Link to data: https://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=0AlUSISFTqhaldHd5bmYyNnQ5NGZ4X0VpUzJteExmeHc&hl=en&authkey=CPrq18oE

Entering your data: media type="custom" key="7992850" =Light Intensity Activity= [|Light intensity activity]

Use the above link (you need to use safari) for the following:

Click skip intro and notice the controls that you can adjust.

Note: you can only manipulate one variable at a time. Your team will adjust levels in order to provide the maximum ATP.

Answer the following question as a group: What are the best possible conditions for making the maximum of ATP?

Hypothesize what values you believe are the best conditions (what wavelength and light intensity creates the most ATP.)

Use the simulation to carry out your experiment. Share the results of each person in your group.


 * Homework:** Create a data table that outlines % maximal ATP or ATP created in your time frame used, light intensity, and wavelength. You can also take screen shots while it is in action and display your data in a graph or other ways if desired.

Research background information about
 * light intensity
 * wavelength and energy
 * pigment colors

Explain the following:
 * how wavelength and light intensity is important for photosynthesis. Be certain to completely relate these to the light reaction and what you observed in the simulation.
 * A summary of what you learned through the simulation. You can discuss using paragraphs, data tables or pictures (include a brief statement as well).
 * This will not be due for several days and we will discuss related information in class and in activities that will help you understand the material.

Discussion of wavelength and light intensity amount needed to create maximum ATP through pictures, paragraphs, or data table (5) Discusses relationship of light intensity to the process of photosynthesis (5) Discusses relationship of wavelength to the process of photosynthesis (5) Discussion of how pigment colors are related to photosynthesis and wavelength (5)
 * Light Intensity Rubric**

=Review=

=What I think will be on the Photosynthesis Test= Develop good questions as a group. Each group can take turns adding questions to this page. It would be a good idea to use word first and then copy and paste over. Be sure that you refresh before editing so that you do not delete another group's information. You can enter the answer right after your questions and make it disappear by highlighting the answer and changing the color of the text to white. In order to see answers, you would need to highlight the area of the answer.