Section+2-Circulation+Needed+Materials

Starfish: The bumps on the sea star absorb oxygen Pig : Breath in and out of their noses Crayfish: Extract oxygen from the water using their gills
 * 1. How does O2 get in and out? **

**2. How is O2 and other materials moved throughout the body? ** All the organisms move oxygen through their bodies using their blood. Crayfish have something called hemocyanin that stores oxygen and transports it where it needs to go. The hemocyanin causes the blood of the organism to turn blue. Pigs and starfish have something very similar to this but it is called hemoglobin the only big difference is that it has iron in it instead of copper and it causes the blood to be red. Pigs have a closed circulatory system including both pulmonary and systemic circulation. Pulmonary circulation refers to circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs, while systemic circulation is the circulation of blood between the heart and the rest of the body, excepting the lungs. The deoxygenated or oxygen deprived blood is collected from the body by a series of veins that terminate into two main large main veins, anterior and posterior vena cava. The deoxygenated blood first reaches the right atrium of the heart, from where it is transported to the right ventricle. Then this blood is transported to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries for the purpose of oxygenation. Following this, the oxygen rich blood is carried by the pulmonary veins to the heart. The blood enters the left atrium first, from where it is pumped into the left ventricle. Finally, the oxygenated blood is pumped out of the heart into the aorta or the main artery. From there the numerous arteries to the different regions of the entire body carry it. Starfish have an open and reduced circulatory system. This consists of a central ring and five radial vessels. Crayfish also have an open circulatory system. The blood flows from the heart through the arteries and returns into open sinuses.

**3. ****Draw a diagram of the movement of O2 and other materials through this system (or take a picture and mark up the movement). **

http://animalplanet.wikispaces.com/Invertebrate+Reflection+Shaffer+and+Lewis

http://animalplanet.wikispaces.com/Megan+and+Shannon%27s+Invertebrate+Reflection+and+Analysis

http://animalplanet.wikispaces.com/Circulatory+system

**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">4. Question & Answer ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Q: How do fetal pigs get the oxygen they need? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A: They have a pulmonary by-pass that permits the fetus to rely on umbilical blood from the mother for oxygen. After birth the by-pass is aborted and the baby pig is requited to use its lungs to breath.